Which element is essential for determining spatial relationships in design?

Scale is essential for determining spatial relationships in design because it dictates how objects and spaces relate to one another in size and proportion. Understanding scale helps designers create environments that feel balanced and harmonious. It allows the designer to evaluate how large or small a piece of furniture will appear in a room, how much space remains for movement, and how different elements interact within a space.

For instance, if a designer chooses oversized furniture for a small room, it may make the space feel cramped and uncomfortable. Conversely, too small furniture can make a large room feel empty and uninviting. Therefore, mastering scale enables designers to create functional and aesthetically pleasing environments that work well together.

While color, texture, and light all play significant roles in design, they do not primarily focus on how spatial relationships are formed between objects and their surroundings.